What is Calendering process in Textile(garment) industry ?

Calendering of textiles is a finishing process used to smooth, coat, or thin a material. With textiles, fabric is passed between calender rollers at high temperatures and pressures. Calendering is used on fabrics such as moire to produce its watered effect and also on cambric and some types of sateens.In preparation for calendering, the fabric is folded lengthwise with the front side, or face, inside, and stitched together along the edges.[1][2] The fabric can be folded together at full width, however this is not done as often as it is more difficult.[2] The fabric is then run through rollers that polish the surface and make the fabric smoother and more lustrous.[3] High temperatures and pressure are used as well.[2][4] Fabrics that go through the calendering process feel thin, glossy and papery.[2]The wash durability of a calendared finish on thermoplastic fibers like polyester is higher than on cellulose fibers such as cotton. On blended fabrics such as Polyester/Cotton the durability depends largely on the proportion of synthetic fiber component present as well as the amount and type of finishing additives used and the machinery and process conditions employed.Contents    1 Variations        1.1 Beetled        1.2 Watered        1.3 Embossed        1.4 Schreinerhttps    2 History    3 See also    4 ReferencesVariationsSeveral different finishes can be achieved through the calendering process by varying different parts. The main different types of finishes are beetling, watered, embossing and Schreiner.[5]BeetledBeetling is a finish given to cotton and linen cloth, and makes it look like satin. In the beetling process the fabric goes over wooden rollers and is beaten with wooden hammers.[5]WateredThe watered finish, also known as moire, is produced by using ribbed rollers. These rollers compress the cloth and the ribs produce the characteristic watermark effect by moving aside threads as well as compressing them.[2][3] This leaves some of the threads round while others get compressed and become flat.[5]EmbossedIn the embossing process the rollers have engraved patterns on them, and the patterns become stamped onto the fabric.[5] The end result is a raised or sunken pattern, depending on the roller.[6] This works best with soft fabrics.[5]SchreinerSimilar to the watered process, in the Schreiner process the rollers are ribbed, only in the Schreiner process the ribs are very fine, with as many as six hundred ribs per inch under extremely high pressure. The threads are pressed flat with little lines in them, which causes the fabric to reflect the light better than a flat surface would. Cloth finished with the Schreinermethod has a very high lustre, which is made more lasting by heating the rollers.[5]HistoryHistorically calendering was done by hand with a huge pressing stone. For example in China huge rocks were brought from the north of the Yangtze River. The pressing stone was cut into a bowl shape, and the surface of the curved bottom made perfectly smooth. After a piece of cloth was placed underneath the stone the worker would stand on the stone and rock it with his two feet in order to press the cloth.

Foiling process

What is Foiling Process in Garment industry ?

Foil Printing is a trending printing process in which the foil (glossy sheet in colors like gold, silver etc) is used to give better look to t-shirts or garment. An adhesive is applied on garment via screen printing process and then the foil is applied to the garment via heat press Foil screen printing is applied to your garments by first printing your design with special glue. We then adhere the foil to the glue with our heat press. The combination of heat and pressure seal the foil before the excess is removed. The results are always sure to turn heads and create smiles.
Foil printing is the process of adding foil accents to your printed pieces. Rather than ink in foil stamping uses a metallic material to add embellishments to your printed products. Heat, pressure, metal dies and foil film are used in the Foil printing process. If you have the right equipment then, this process may be simple, you can directly apply foil printing to clothes. The foil is first of all printing and cut using special glue and a press. Then, the colored foil is stuck to the fabric using a heat press. oil Printing is a way to give your t-shirt design and add Sparkle that makes them stand out it works great as a design , accent as well as bold iconic statement, your design will POP , Foil is premium method  so it should be done correctly
most of the common foil colour are

The process:

    The hot foil die is attached to the machine and heated up.    Foil is placed between the die and the substrate to be printed.    Pressure is then applied by pulling the handle of the machine to bring the two briefly together to adhere the foil to the substrate.

1)Blue Foil

2) Copper Foil

3) Gold Foil

4) Green foil

5) Gun Metal Foil

6) Oil slick Foil

7) Purple Foil

8) Red Foil

9) Silver Foil